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Hurst Y, Fukuda H. Effects of changes in eating speed on obesity in patients with diabetes: a secondary analysis of longitudinal health check-up data. BMJ Open. 2018 Feb 12;8(1):e019589. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019589. PMID: 29440054; PMCID: PMC5855475.

Andrade AM, Greene GW, Melanson KJ. Eating slowly led to decreases in energy intake within meals in healthy women. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Jul;108(7):1186-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.04.026. PMID: 18589027.

Zhu B, Haruyama Y, Muto T, Yamazaki T. Association between eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a three-year population-based cohort study. J Epidemiol. 2015;25(4):332-6. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20140131. Epub 2015 Mar 14. PMID: 25787239; PMCID: PMC4375288.

Totsuka K, Maeno T, Saito K, Kodama S, Asumi M, Yachi Y, Hiranuma Y, Shimano H, Yamada N, Ono Y, Naito T, Sone H. Self-reported fast eating is a potent predictor of development of impaired glucose tolerance in Japanese men and women: Tsukuba Medical Center Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Dec;94(3):e72-4. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.08.015. Epub 2011 Sep 9. PMID: 21908066.

Ohkuma T, Hirakawa Y, Nakamura U, Kiyohara Y, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T. Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015 Nov;39(11):1589-96. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.96. Epub 2015 May 25. PMID: 26100137.

Kokkinos A, le Roux CW, Alexiadou K, Tentolouris N, Vincent RP, Kyriaki D, Perrea D, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR, Katsilambros N. Eating slowly increases the postprandial response of the anorexigenic gut hormones, peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jan;95(1):333-7. doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-1018. Epub 2009 Oct 29. PMID: 19875483.

Yaguchi-Tanaka Y, Kawagoshi Y, Sasaki S, Fukao A. Cross-sectional study of possible association between rapid eating and high body fat rates among female Japanese college students. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2013;59(3):243-9. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.59.243. PMID: 23883696.

Zijlstra N, de Wijk RA, Mars M, Stafleu A, de Graaf C. Effect of bite size and oral processing time of a semisolid food on satiation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Aug;90(2):269-75. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27694. Epub 2009 Jun 10. PMID: 19515731.

Shin A, Lim SY, Sung J, Shin HR, Kim J. Dietary intake, eating habits, and metabolic syndrome in Korean menJ Am Diet Assoc. 2009 Apr;109(4):633-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.015. PMID: 19328258.

Llewellyn CH, van Jaarsveld CH, Boniface D, Carnell S, Wardle J. Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1560-6. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26175. PMID: 19064516.

Otsuka R, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Murata C, Sekiya A, Wada K, Zhang HM, Matsushita K, Sugiura K, Takefuji S, OuYang P, Nagasawa N, Kondo T, Sasaki S, Toyoshima H. Eating fast leads to obesity: findings based on self-administered questionnaires among middle-aged Japanese men and women. J Epidemiol. 2006 May;16(3):117-24. doi: 10.2188/jea.16.117. PMID: 16710080; PMCID: PMC7603906.

 

Angelopoulos T, Kokkinos A, Liaskos C, Tentolouris N, Alexiadou K, Miras AD, Mourouzis I, Perrea D, Pantos C, Katsilambros N, Bloom SR, le Roux CW. The effect of slow spaced eating on hunger and satiety in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2014 Jul 2;2(1):e000013. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2013-000013. PMID: 25452861; PMCID: PMC4212566.